Myanmar Army arrests village administrator and medical officer after using villagers as human shield in battle

Myanmar Army and police are persecuting villagers from Re Gaung Chaung village,

in northern Arakan, where there are ongoing clashes between the Myanmar Army and

Arakan Army. Since November, number of clashes was occurring in northern Arakan everyday

after Myanmar Army launched offensive attacks against the Arakan Army by using air force

and long rang mortars like howitzer artilleries therefore villages in northern Arakan particularly strife-torn Re Gaung Chaung village was hit bombs and mortars by Myanmar Army. Moreover, villagers, village administrator and medical officer from Re Gaung Chaung were arrested after Myanmar soldiers raided village and forced entire villagers to leave their village for monastery  on 28.12.2018.

Before raiding Re Gaung Chaung, eleven villagers from Say Taung were forced to walk in front of Myanmar soldiers. That is to say that Myanmar Army used them as human shield in the battlefield. Local media like RFA and The Irrawaddy telephoned Ye Gaung Chaung’s administrator and  he confirmed human shield used by Myanmar Army therefore he was soon arrested along with medical officer when his village was raided, looted and demolished.

In Re Gaung Chaung, there were 302 houses, 350 families, 690 males, 720 females and total population was 1410.  On Thursday, ICRC announced that there are over (1000) displaced villagers whom ICRC is assisting in the fighting area of northern Arakan, western so-called Myanmar. The same day, Arakan National Party released statement demanding Myanmar Army not to threaten villagers with force and not to frighten them off  and demanding also not to block humanitarian workers who help displaced persons caused by Myanmar Army offensive attacks against the Arakan Army.

  

Social workers and donors were blocked by Myanmar Army

Myanmar Army, on Friday, announced unilateral ceasefire from Dec-21 to April 30

in almost every commands except in the lost Arakan to Myanmar, Western command.

No sooner had Myanmar Army announced its ceasefire than it again started offensive

attacks against the Arakan Army in Arakan, western Myanmar.

According to local media, Between the Myanmar Army and Arakan Army , fighting is still

occurring everyday  after Myanmar Army declared ceasefire. Local people doubt that Myanmar

Army ceases fighting in most regions by declaring unilateral ceasefire is to eliminate Arakan Army because Arakan , western Myanmar, is exception of ceasefire announced by Myanmar Army and Myanmar Army reinforces its troops from where it ceases fighting to Arakan.

Due to Myanmar Army offensive attacks again and again, clashes happened between the Arakan Army and Myanmar Army near the India-Myanmar border yesterday. Just yesterday, in fear, villagers were fleeing with only cloth on their bodies, www.narinjara.com said.

Along with hundreds of others, new number of refugees was facing lack of food and shelters.

Therefore, donors went to reach where new refugees were helpless by waterway to donate

them but soldiers of Myanmar Army blocked and asked donors to leave all donations at their

hand. Donors refused to leave their donations at the hand of Myanmar soldiers and returned back sadly, local media said.

Myanmar air force strafes bombs on position of Arakan Army

Photo: youtube.com

Myanmar Army’s chief directed his Air force to attack Arakan Army which was holding position on the mountain range in Northern Arakan, western so-called myanmar,yesterday, local media said.

According to a local media, two military fighter jets flew and hovered over the mountain rang strafing position held by Arakan Army. Local standard time,

at 13:00 hours, the fighter jets were flying low over the mountain. Simultaneously,

strafed bombs and bullets from the fighter jets to the position of Arakan Army.

one of those bombs hit motorway and exploded. Villagers nearby motorway started

fleeing in fear. It was Myanmar Army which launched offensive attacks against the Arakan Army since November. With everyday clashes between the Myanmar Army and Arakan Army in the lost Arakan to Myanmar( western Myanmar), fighting has stepped into one month period.

During the period of one month of fighting, over 900 refugees were fleeing from their home

to nearby villages with just only cloth on their bodies.

                   

When Myanmar Army shelled, Arakanese villagers were to flee

Due to Myanmar Army’s offensive attacks against the Arakan Army in the lost

Arakan to Myanmar( western Myanmar), almost over 300 villagers from Phet

Wun Chaung village and Sa Bar Dhar village were to flee to nearby villages.

From last week of November to nearly second weeks of December, Myanmar Army

 was shelling bombs near the villages and hills by using mortars. In fear,

villagers fled from their homes to nearby villages with just only clothes on their bodies.

These refugees ( IDPs) are in the terrible predicament and facing lack of food and

shelters. There is offensive attack made by Myanmar Army against Arakan Army

does not seem to be ended. Therefore, fighting between the Arakan Army and Myanmar

Army will continue and IDPs will also be more and more numbers in the lost Arakan to

Myanmar.

Myanmar Army launches offensive attacks control of Arakan Army’s strongholds

It is an ongoing battle again that fierce engagements between the Arakan Army and Myanmar Army started from past one week to this moment in the lost Arakan to Myanmar, western Myanmar.

It is a series of clashes which occur at Myanmar- Bangladesh border and inside the lost Arakan to Myanmar while Myanmar Army intrudes Arakan Army’s controlled area.

Arakan Army information officer Khaing Thu Kha shares information with local media that Myanmar Army launched offensive attacks in the liberated area of Arakan Army since last week.

During the fierce clashes between the Arakan Army and Myanmar Army, huge amount of

firearms and ammunitions from Myanmar Army are seized and bodies of Myanmar soldiers are also collected by Arakan Army , officer Khaing Thu Kha said.

According to officer Khaing Thu Kha , who shares information with local medias , Arakan Army maintains its controlled areas and strongholds repelling enemies in the best way.

Arakan Army information officer also expresses that there will be photos and video about the seizure of arms and ammunitions of Myanmar Army and collection of bodies of Myanmar Soldiers on the Arakan Army’s social media next a few days.

The Serpent and the King: The Dutch-Arakanese Relationship (Re-submitting)

by Stephan Van Galen

Remains of Dutch factory in Mrauk U, Arakan

D.G.E. Hall, the eminent historian of Southeast Asia, in his ‘’Studies in Dutch relations with Arakan’’, was the first to point out the importance of the Dutch language sources for a study on the history of Arakan. Hall pieced together a preliminary overview of the Dutch-Arakanese relationship on the basis of the published Daghregisters or diaries of Batavia. In his history of Southeast Asia Hall even based his description of 17th century Arakan almost entirely on the Daghregister and further source publications: the Corpus Diplomaticum Neerlando-Indicum and De Jonge’’s Opkomst van het Nederlandsch gezag in Oost-Indie.

Myanmar court passed harsh judgement

One of  Arakanese youths, who set off hot air balloon into sky on the birthday of Arakan Army’s General,was handed two years in prison by Burma or Myanmar law court in the lost Arakan to Myanmar,western so-called Myanmar, on 26.11.2018.

One of Arakanese youths who printed photo of Arakan Army’s General and wrote "happy birthday to general" on the hot air balloon before he set off into sky in the late evening.

Myanmar Army and police arrested him immediately and sent him into the cell of the jail. After one year of confinement as a under trial in prison, he was handed two years imprisonment by Myanmar judge.

THESE BUDDHIST KINGS WITH MUSLIM NAMES

by Dr Jacques P. Leider

 

A discussion of Muslim influence in the Mrauk-U Period

‘Shut off from Burma by a hill range, Arakan has a separate history, but it is the same in kind’, is one of those unhappy generalizations of Geoffey, Harvey, the British colonial historian, which are waiting to be shaken by thorough research.

If Arakanese history were the same in kind, why should we care to study it in lengthy detail? It might turn out to be a case study of general Myanmar history and as such be local history. But can Rakhaing history be reduced to be a case study of Myanmar history?

If Arakan has a separate history, while having a common past with the country it belongs to, I wonder why there has been so little interest in Arakanese history.

Arakanese History

The Arakanese history records the early Arakanese to migrate in Arakan and settled down in their true land since time immemorial. The independent and sovereign Buddhist Kingdom of Arakan had been splendidly flourishing from 3325 B.C. till the Burman invaders occupied it in 1784. The history of Arakan can be divided in to four major period throughout its thousand-years-long history.
They are:
- Dhannyawaddy Period

• The 1st Dhannyawaddy Period (King Marayu, BC. 3325 – BC. 1483)
• The 2nd Dhannyawaddy Period (King Kanrazagree, BC. 1483 – BC. 580)
• The 3rd Dhannyawaddy Period (King Chandra Surya, BC. 580 - AD. 326)

- Vesali Period (King Dvan Chandra, AD. 327 – AD. 1018)
- Laemro Period (King Nga Tone Munn, AD. 1018 – AD.1406)
- Mrauk-U Period (King Munn Saw Mwan, AD.1430 – 1784)

Dhannyawaddy Era [?????????]
The 1st Dhannyawaddy Period (BC. 3325 – BC. 1483)
According to the legend, Dhanyawadi [????????????????] (the first independent Arakan kingdom) was established in 3325 B.C by King Maryu [?????] (the Arakanese legendary hero-ancestor). It is said that King Rarayu [?????] had married the daughter of the chief of Mro [????] tribe and had founded Dhanyawadi [????????????????] after defeating the bilus [??????] (demon-like creatures) who arrived earlier in the area.

The Lost of Chittagong and Twelve Bengal Districts
Even though Arakan had reached zenith of power in the Bay when it was under the rule of the skilled and powerful kings, the country's glory and fame has steadily declined when it was succeeded and ruled by the unqualified kings. Chittagong and other districts of Bengal were invaded and occupied by the Moghal in 1666 AD.

The Lost of Arakan Kingdom, its nation and national identity
After the Moghal invaded and annexed part of the Arakanese territories, internal instability and dethroning of kings had happened very often in Arakan Court. Taking opportunity in the overall weakness inside the country, the Burmese King U Wine violated the good-friendly neighbour's ethics and dispatched his invading forces into Arakan in mid-November, 1784 and occupied it by the end of 1784.

Arakanese newborn babies and children are suffering from malnutrition

Under the Myanmar rule, in the lost Arakan to Myanmar, which is situated in the western

side of so-called Myanmar, newborn babies and children have poor condition of health caused

by a lack of food. This is malnutrition which babies and children are to face nowadays while the amount of money that parents have to pay for everything including food is rising formidably.

Government of Myanmar does not take care of Arakanese babies and children and does not give them assistances regularly. Malnutrition is increasing day by day in Arakan. It seems that

systematically, Arakanese children are being created to suffer malnutrition because government

of Myanmar does not want them to be healthy and outstanding youths near in future to lead free Arakan from Myanmar.

And hospital in Sittwe, capital of Arakan , Roughly, four in every hundred patients is dying because of insufficiency of doctors and nurses. The situation is actually deplorable. No Myanmar administrator takes pity on them.

Myanmar remains worst place in ASEAN for doing business, World Bank ranking shows

Myanmar remains unfriendly territory for businesses.

THOMPSON CHAU

Myanmar has failed to improve its ease of doing business ranking for the third consecutive year, with the latest figures from the World Bank showing that the country remains the worst place in ASEAN to conduct business.The newly-released 2019 Doing Business rankings by the World Bank showed that Myanmar ranks 171th out of 190 economies in the overall ease of doing business, unchanged from last year’s position.Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business, from 1-190, based on the average of each economy’s ease of doing business scores for the 10 topics included in this year’s aggregate ranking.The country occupies the same ranking with Iraq (171st), lower than Sudan (162nd) and above Angola (173rd).

EU mission assesses human rights and labour rights situation in Myanmar

A monitoring mission of experts from the European Commission and the European External Action Service visited Myanmar from 28 to 31 October. This follows deeply worrying developments highlighted in various United Nations reports, in particular as regards human rights violations in Rakhine, Kachin and Shan States and concerns around labour rights, according to an EU statement.

The high-level mission was part of the broader engagement that the European Union (EU) has launched to monitor Myanmar's respect of fifteen fundamental UN and International Labour Organisation (ILO) conventions. In order to continue to benefit from duty -free, quota-free access to the EU market through the Everything But Arms (EBA) scheme, Myanmar must uphold and respect the principles enshrined in these conventions.

Arakan oil lamp dance

The brass open-oil lamp found in the city of Vesali

          The second open-oil lamp can be found in the ancient city of Vesali. It is made of brass. It measures 9 inches high from the plinth to the edge of the statue. It is a female figure and stretching her hands in parallel. The brass open-oil lamp in the form of hemisphere of the gourd, is held with her fingers. The front edge of the open-oil lamp was used to put the loop of the wick. The oil to light the open-oil lamp, was not gasoline, coconet oil and wood oil, but the butter made from the milk.

Why the open-oil lamp was used

          Nowadays, lighting offering to Buddha becomes a traditional custom in Rakhine state because Rakhine people made lighting offering to Buddha from time immemorial as they believed that light offering dedicating to the three gems called Buddha, Dhamma and Samgha(or) gods, was superior to any other offerings.

The history of the open-oil lamp

          The historians believe that Greek and Roman arrived in the southern part of India in order to trade goods bringing the female statues with the oil lamps in the 2 century AD. Besides, they also believe that the southern Indian cast the oil lamps with their wanted figures modeling the statues the European took.

Full moon day at Arakan Army's Headquarter

On 27.10.2018, Arakan Army posted a video on its facebook page that showed how its

members celebrated Arakanese religious festival of wagyut at Headquarter of Arakan Army.

Wagyut festival is full moon day. On this day ,Lord Buddha descended from a celestial abode

to our planet after he preached his deceased mother Ultimate True three months. Lord Buddha’s

mother reborn in celestial abode before he became the enlightenment one as Lord Buddha.

On this full moon day, people across the lost Arakan to Myanmar also celebrated  wagyut festival

by fasting at monasteries, donating dry ration to monks and nuns and paying respects to elders . At night, they set off hot air balloons into sky and illuminated oil lamps at home, temples and pagodas.

At Arakan Army’s Headquarter, fighters and members held competitions of individual capability,

traditional sports and musical concert on this full moon day. Allis of Arakan Army   - KIA, MNDAA,

and TNLA -  joined  to participate this event.

AA, TNLA and MNDAA will meet Myanmar Army’s officers in China in first week of next month to talk

cease-fire process. But, it is most likely to be superficially talk because Myanmar Army has to do it

while international community pressurizes  Myanmar Army  on human right violation inside of ethnic

regions.

Buddha statues are being vandalized in Arakan

In ancient city of Mrauk Oo ,the lost Arakan to Myanmar , there was Buddhist

temple named Lemyethna. This temple was built by Arakan(Rakhine)King

Min Saw Mon after he founded Mrauk Oo in AD 1430.

On 18.10.2018, an act of vandalism to Buddha statues of Lemyethna temple,

committed by a Myanmar Army Officers –backed anti-social group, surprised and

pained all Arakanese people.

According to local youths, vandals held meeting in early evening near the temple.

Demand made for immediate release of three Arakanese youths under arrest without evidence

http://narinjara.com/demand-made-for-immediate-release-of-three-arakanese-youths-under-arrest-without-evidence/Narinjara News: October 15, 2018

By  Soe Zan Aung (Toungup)

A press conference was held in Sittwe, Rakhine State,western Myanmar on October 12 to demand the immediate release of three Arakanese (Rakhine) youths, who have been arrested without evidence regarding the murder of a military corporal from the Military Security Affairs Unit.

U Tun Aung Kyaw, general secretary of the Arakan National Party (ANP) and a high grade pleader, told Narinjara News that they are making the demand as the three youths have been remanded in custody after being charged with murder under Section 302 of the Penal Code even though they were arrested without evidence.

“Their friends revealed at the press conference that the detained – Khine Bo Bo, Aung Zaw Linn, and May Yu Tun – were with their friends on the day of the murder on September 25-26 so they have been arrested without evidence. We want to demand their immediate release,” said U Tun Aung Kyaw.

Myanmar deserves EU’s embargo and sanction

Photo:Amazon UK
On Friday, European Union warned Myanmar that Myanmar can lose trade

privileges over the violation of human rights as international community criticized

over the Bengali speaking Rohingya crisis , which is being grown.

By the time international community criticizes over that crisis, European Union appears

to impose its embargo and sanction on Myanmar. Whether Myanmar should be imposed sanction or not, EU will send its fact-finding mission to Myanmar very soon.

It is the most likely to be that EU will be withdrawing its trade agreement, known as “everything but arms” (EBA). The EBA deal allows Myanmar duty-free and tariff-free access to European Market for all type of products except arms and ammunitions.

In Myanmar, not only Bengali speaking Rohingya but also minority non-Burma such as Rakhine

(Arakan), Chan and Kachin are being persecuted by Myanmar Army and government of ruling

party( National League for Democracy) .

Nowadays, Number of political prisoners is increasing in across the Myanmar’s prisons again.

It is similar to period of military rule (1988-2010). Just only in Arakan (Rakhine State), There are over (20) political prisoners in the jails and police custody. Among them, Dr. Aye Maung( Chairman of Rakhine National Party), author Wai Hun Aung and Mrauk Oo movement youths are well-known.

In region of majority Burma, there are also people who are being arrested by government of

Myanmar. The reason why they are arrested is that they criticize drawbacks of government of Myanmar by speaking and writing on social media. Number of people are unnecessarily arrested and thrown into prisons by Myanmar government led by Aung San Suu Kyi.

This is violation of human rights definitely and absolutely therefore Myanmar deserves EU’s

embargo and sanction.

Cooperation needed to ensure successful repatriation: minister

https://www.mmtimes.com/news/cooperation-needed-ensure-successful-repatriation-minister.html             NYAN LYNN AUNG 04 OCT 2018                                 

Bangladesh and Myanmar need to fully cooperate to ensure the successful repatriation of over 700,000 refugees from northern Rakhine State now living in cramped camps in Bangladesh, a senior government minister has said. U Win Myat Aye, minister of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement , said the repatriation must follow the guidelines of the memorandum of understanding (MoU) signed between the two countries in November last year. It stipulates that only refugees verified by the Myanmar government will be allowed to return to northern Rakhine.

Pope Francis donates US$100,000 to Arakan

There are still victims of terrorism and conflicts in Arakan(Rakhine) western so-called

Myanmar. Therefore, to be some relief and to enjoy religious freedom in Arakan, His Holiness Pope Francis donated US$100,000 through Arakan state Chief Minister, Mr.Nyi Pu.

According to news source, this donation cash, from His Holiness Pope Francis, will be utilized in the development tasks of villages in Maungtaw Township.

Most villages, in Maungtaw Township, still do not have electricity, clinics, schools, tarred roads and water supply under the Myanmar rule in 21^st century.

Myanmar has done nothing for Arakan but it has already taken and still taking everything from Arakan. 

Moreover, it creates political turmoil in Arakan by playing between the Arakanese and Bengali (Rohingya). As a result, people lose to focus on objective of repelling to Myanmar from Arakan.

However, today, new generation of Arakan realizes what and how Myanmar plays tricks to  be losing of genuine objective of Arakan National. Therefore, most educated youths are struggling in a way of Rakhita meaning freedom.

Under the rule of Myanmar, Arakan becomes as a beggar even if it has a lot of natural resources and record of wealthy Kingdom.

We can overhear, every now and then, that Myanmar makes showcase of Arakan situation

across the planet and then asking for aid. Most of those aid went to no Arakan but to Myanmar (Burma). In fact, Arakanese people want no aid, no Myanmar but just freedom from Myanmar.

Arakan Youths Union – Japan denounces re-arrest of eight Mrauk-U youths

Arakan Youths Union – Japan denounces re-arrest of eight Mrauk-U youths

Narinjara News: September 28, 2018

by -Soe Zan Aung (Toungup)

The Arakan Youths Union– Japan has denounced the government for re-arresting eight Mrauk-U youths after they served their sentence for taking part in the protest.

The Sittwe Township Court gave an eight-month sentence to the youths but they were released as their detention period was counted in the imprisonment. However, they were re-arrested on the same day and charged under Section 16 of the Union Flag Law.

“A protest march was held on January 16 in relation to the literary talk issue in Mrauk-U. Seven Rakhine youths lost their lives. Other eight wounded youths were arrested. The arrested youths were charged under Public Property Protection Act. They were given an eight-month sentence. They were released after serving time on remand. It’s an insult against the entire Rakhine people to arrest and charge them again. That’s why we are denouncing it,” Ko Win Naing, information officer of the Arakan Youths Union, said to Narinjara News on September 26.

In the statement, the association claimed that it was an ungraceful political act to file an additional charge against the released eight Rakhine youths and demanded the National League for Democracy (NLD) government to immediately halt the oppression of the Rakhine people.

The association also warned the Rakhine people to be cautious against the government’s ploy.

On behalf of the Arakan Youths Union, Ko Win Naing said he believes the authorities are deliberately trying to instigate the Rakhine people to stage a riot.

He added that the Arakan Youths Union – Japan will stage more protests against the re-arrest of the eight released youths and stand by their side.

Rakhine or Arakan youths are being apprehended by Myanmar police

http://thechinlandpost.info/arakan-army-aa-%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AF-%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%86%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC-%E1%81%85%E1%80%A5%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8-%E1%80%81%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B9%E1%80%B8%E1%80%BB/

Arakanese youths are - wherever they travel in so-called, failed state Myanmar - being arrested

by Myanmar Army and Police. Myanmar or Burma accuses all Arakan youths, men and

women as Arakan Army’s members  wherever they travel  in Myanmar . Arakan Army is struggling to get freedom from Myanmar or Burma’s colonial yoke to free its people and the lost Arakan to Myanmar.

Myanmar police, on 22.9.2018, arrested five Arakanese youths who were going to Buddha Gaya in India to get job opportunity as well as pilgrimage. Their journey was via Chin State to India.

When they reached Chin State of Myanmar, Police apprehended them on the ground of baseless, suspicious accusation of members of Arakan Army.

They were being handcuffed and investigated in the lockup of police station in Chin State, Myanmar.

UN has no right to interfere in internal Myanmar matters, says army chief Min Aung Hliang

 News Desk,  bdnews24.com

Published: 2018-09-24 15:31:29.0 BdST Updated: 2018-09-24 15:31:29.0 BdST

·        

The head of Myanmar’s defence forces says that the UN has no right to interfere the country’s sovereignty, reports the Myawady Daily.

Senior General Min Aung Hlaing’s remarks came after UN investigators called for the prosecution of Hliang and other top Myanmar military brass for the ‘genocide’ perpetrated against the Rohingyas.

“Protecting the interests of the country and ethnics amount to waging a just war,” Hliang said at a meeting with military personnel on Sunday.

Ethnic *Mro* of Arakan national, every now and then, are being killed in Myanmar

Photo:narinjara

British Foreign Secretary Rt.Hon.Jeremy Hunt MP and officials were visiting Northern

Rakhine (Arakan) where there were conflicts which caused Muslim people to flee to

Bangladesh.

There are reception centres to accept Muslim returnees in Northern Rakhine that Myanmar government set up nowadays. British Foreign Secretary and officials visited those reception centres and villages.

The villages, visited by British Foreign Secretary and officials, are lived by Hindu, Muslim and *Mro * ethnic of Rakhine National together in each village. These three communities are living in those villages together.

However, other area of Maungdaw Township, the communities are unable to reside together

because of violence.

During British FM, Rt Hon,Jeremy Hunt MP’s visit, ethnic Mro ,aged 40,was killed in Maungdaw Township. He was herding his cattle in a little far pasture from village. When the sun went down, he failed to return home. The villagers went to search for him and cattle in the evening but found only six cattle while the man and other cattle were not found. They reported official about the missing and continued to search and then found the man’s body with multiple sword wounds in the neck, belly and hands.

Every now and then, innocent minorities Mro and Hindu, in Maungdaw Township, are being killed. This report is also published on Arakanese News Agency -www.narinjara.com -facebook page.

Kyin: The traditional Rakhine (Arakan) wrestling

Htay Win

Kyin wrestling is favorite sports of the Rakhine National people since ancient

time. Kyin wrestling, being a kind of national identity for Rakhine people, is one of national

sports in Arakan (Rakhine) that is very popular up to this day. Kyin means a spinning top

in Rakhine language. Some point out that Kyin was derived from Kyar Yin. 

The Kyar Yin was being corrupted to Kyin. Literally, Kyar means the tiger and Yin means the fly. But some people there called wrestling jun. In many part of Rakhine any large festivity wouldn’t be completed without the Kyin tournament. 

In the first round, one athlete has to act like a tiger or as an offensive wrestler while another one is acting like a fly or as a defensive wrestler. During the second round, defensive one in the first round becomes the offensive one while the offensive

one in the first round becomes the defensive one. They change the roles alternatively until the game is over. 

In a wrestling tournament, it needs two athletes to compete for the first  session. and the winner has to compete against another opponent in the second session. Thus, winner

competes against a new opponent in each session eliminating them until he reaches the  final session for getting the trophy. The offensive wrestler is called Aphan and defensive wrestler is called Akhan in Rakhine language. 

Democracy In Crisis: What we know and what we don't

https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/black-white-and-grey/news/democracy-crisis-what-we-know-and-what-we-dont-1633951

Ali Riaz

That democratic values and democratic institutions are in crisis all around the world is no longer a revelation; casual observation of the current global scene is enough to bear this out. For years, empirical data provided by the Freedom House and the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) in their annual reports have been indicating that democracy is in a downward spiral. According to a Freedom House report, almost 67 percent people in the world now live under political systems which are either “not free” or “partly free”, or in other words undemocratic. One-third of the global population lives in outright authoritarian regimes according to the EIU, and many Asian countries are hybrid regimes—i.e., ostensibly democratic but essentially authoritarian.

Myanmar files lawsuit against Arakanese leader and author

Arakan national political leader Dr. Aye Maung and author Wai Hin Aung whom

Myanmar government led by Aung San Suu Kyi and Army chief Min Aung Hlaing 

including Suu Kyi's confidants like Arakan State Puppet Chief Minister Mr. Nyi Pu filed

suits in sittwe court in the lost Arakan to Myanmar  since January 18,2018.

After they were charged by Myanmar Government on the accusation of three cases,

they were thrown into cell of sittwe jail without letting them out of jail on bail.

Those three cases are high treason, incitement and unlawful association. As usually

Myanmar always oppresses our Arakanese people, they terminate extraordinary our

people and leaders. Most of our Arakanese leaders are ended up in the prison from

time to time by Burma.

On Monday, The court had dropped a charge of unlawful association against Arakanese

leader and author but maintained another two cases – high treason and incitement - when their lawyer prefixed petition before the judge to drop all the charges.  

“Even if we have nothing, not even a toothpick, we are being charged with high treason”

Dr. Aye Maung , political leader of Arakan said.

“ We did not commit a crime but we have been charged. It means judicial system is very bad “

said Arakanese author Wai Hin Aung.

Both of them, delivered speech on the occasion to mark the 233^rd anniversary of the fall of Arakan

kingdom to Burma(Myanmar)  at the literary talk in Rathedung township in Arakan.

Burma government imposes to ban literary talks nowadays across the lost Arakan to Myanmar.